Used device
A used device is a previously owned electronic device sold without formal refurbishment, graded and priced on its as-found condition without repair, warranty, or certification guarantees.
Used devices occupy the lower end of the secondary market price spectrum relative to certified refurbished equivalents. The absence of testing, repair, and warranty provision reduces buyer confidence and therefore price. In markets where grading standards are transparent and verified, the price gap between used and refurbished narrows; in markets where condition claims are unreliable, buyers apply larger discounts to used stock. Understanding the price differential between used and refurbished in each market is a key input for refurbishers assessing the value added by their processing operations.